CIRABILVA (Fruit)
Cirabilva consists of dried fruit of Holoptelea integrifolia Planch. (Fam. Ulmaceae); a large, spreading, glabrous, deciduous tree, 15-18 m high, distributed throughout the greater part of India upto an altitude of 600 m and sometimes grown on the road side.
SYNONYMS
Sansk. : Putigandha
Assam. : —
Beng. : —
Eng. : —
Guj. : Kanjo, Chirbil, Chirmil
Hindi. : Chirabil, Chiramil, Papri
Kan. : Tapasimara, Chirabilwa
Mal. : Avil, Aval
Mar. : Baval, Vavala
Ori. : Duranja, Karanj, Putikaranj
Punj. : Papri, Chirbid
Tam. : Avil Pattai
Tel. : Nemalinara, Tapazi
Urdu. : Papri
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Fruit a one seeded samara; light brown, obliquely elliptic or orbicular, 1.5- 2.5 cm wide, 2.5-3.5 cm long, winged and stalked, indehiscent, pubescent, wings reticulately veined.
b) Microscopic
Fruit shows single layered epicarp having numerous, pointed, unicellular hairs; mesocarp composed of 3-5 layered, oval to polygonal, elongated parenchymatous cells; a few vascular bundles and tannin cells found scattered in this region; endocarp consisting of 2-3 layered, round to oval, sclerenchymatous cells with striations and narrow lumen; perisperm in seed composed of single layered, parenchymatous cells filled with reddish-brown content; endosperm and embryo composed of colourless cells containing oil globules.
Powder – Reddish-brown; shows fragments of thin walled, oval to polygonal parenchymatous cells of endosperm, taniniferous oil globules, unicellular hairs, thickwalled, polygonal, sclerenchymatous cells, polygonal cells of testa in surface view.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 1 Percent Appendix 2.2.2
Total ash Not more than 9 Percent Appendix 2.2.3
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 1 Percent Appendix 2.2.4
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 10 Percent Appendix 2.2.6
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 13 Percent Appendix 2.2.7
T.L.C. –
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using Toluene: Ethylacetate (9 : 1) shows under UV (366 nm) a fluorescent zone at Rf 0.85 (blue). On exposure to Iodine vapour five spots appear at Rf 0.11, 0.38, 0.44, 0.50 and 0.85 (all yellow). On spraying with Vanillin-Sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate at 105°C for ten minutes five spots appear at Rf. 0.11, 0.38, 0.44, 0.50 and 0.85 (all violet)
CONSTITUENTS – Fixed Oil
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Tikta, Kasaya
Guna : Laghu, Ruksa
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Pittahara, Stambhaka
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Piyusavalli Rasa, Gandharvahastadi Kvatha Curna
THERAPEUTIC USES – Chardi, Arsa, Krmi, Kustha, Prameha.
DOSE – 1-3 g.
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